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| City Guide > Europe > Scotland > Edinburgh |
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History 626 Edinburgh, known as ‘Fort of Edin’, ‘Edwinburgh’ or ‘Dunedin’ (meaning ‘fort on the hill’) is founded by Edwin of Northumbria 1018 Malcom II defeats the Northumbrians and confirms Edinburgh as a Scottish town 1128 Holyrood Abbey is founded by David I 1296 Edinburgh Castle is sacked by the English king, Edward I 1313 The Scots recapture Edinburgh Castle 1322 Holyrood Abbey is sacked by the English 1368 Rebuilding of castle starts 1498 Palace of Holyroodhouse is founded 1513 Many Edinburgh men die at the Battle of Flodden Field 1560 The French abandon all claim to Scotland in the Treaty of Edinburgh 1566 Rizzio, secretary of Mary Queen of Scots, is murdered at the Palace of Holyroodhouse 1583 Edinburgh University is founded 1650 Execution of the Royalist Montrose 1707 Power moves from Edinburgh to Westminster in the Act of Union 1711 David Hume, philosopher and historian, is born in Edinburgh 1723 Adam Smith, political economist, is born in Edinburgh 1745 Bonnie Prince Charlie arrives in the city 1767 Building of Edinburgh New Town starts 1771 Walter Scott, novelist, is born in Edinburgh 1810 Completion of the first New Town 1846 A rail link between Edinburgh and London is completed 1850 Robert Louis Stevenson is born in Edinburgh 1947 First Edinburgh Festival 1966 Heriot-Watt University is founded 1999 New Scottish Parliament opens |